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Delhi, Friday 23 October 2026. Sunrise 06:27, sunset 17:44. All times local to Delhi. Shukla paksha at sunrise.
| Limb | At sunrise, then |
|---|---|
| Vara | Friday until the next sunrise, 06:27, 24 Oct |
| Tithi | Shukla Dwadashi until 14:36, then Shukla Trayodashi until 13:37, 24 Oct |
| Nakshatra | Purva Bhadrapada until 21:03, then Uttara Bhadrapada until 20:32, 24 Oct |
| Yoga | Dhruva until 22:09, then Vyaghata until 20:01, 24 Oct |
| Karana | Balava until 14:36, then Kaulava until 02:13, 24 Oct, then Taitila until 13:37, 24 Oct |
The panchang day from sunrise to the next sunrise, drawn to scale. Each band is one limb; a break in a band is the moment it changes. The dashed line is sunset.
Computed for 28.6139, 77.2090 by the same Swiss Ephemeris described on the methodology page. Nakshatra and yoga use the Lahiri ayanamsa.
The table is the answer: for each limb, the one running at this morning's sunrise, the moment it ends, and what follows until tomorrow's sunrise. The bands under it are the same times drawn to scale, so you can see at a glance which limb changes before lunch and which after dark. For the day's good and bad windows rather than its limbs, use choghadiya.
What each of the five measures
The vara is the weekday. The other four are each one angle, cut into equal parts, and that is the whole of their definition. The Surya Siddhanta gives the arithmetic in six verses (ii.64-69 in Burgess's translation, Journal of the American Oriental Society vol. 6, pp. 235-238):
| limb | what it measures | each part | parts in the circle |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tithi | the Moon's longitude minus the Sun's: how far the Moon has pulled ahead | 12° | 30 |
| Nakshatra | the Moon's longitude alone | 13°20′ | 27 |
| Yoga | the Sun's and Moon's longitudes added together | 13°20′ | 27 |
| Karana | the same angle as the tithi, cut in half | 6° | 60 |
Three things follow from that table, and each explains something the tool shows.
Every tithi holds exactly two karanas, and the second karana of a tithi ends at the same instant as the tithi itself. That is why the karana row can list one more change than the tithi row.
Nakshatra and yoga are read in the sidereal zodiac. Tithi and karana are a difference between two longitudes, so the choice of zodiac cancels out. Nakshatra and yoga are not differences, so they need one; this tool uses the Lahiri ayanamsa, as every calculation on this site does (the methodology page gives the exact realization and its reference value). For more on the 27 nakshatras themselves, see the nakshatra guide; to find the nakshatra the Moon was in when you were born, use the nakshatra finder.
The eleven karana names do not divide sixty evenly. Seven movable karanas (Bava, Balava, Kaulava, Taitila, Garaja, Vanija and Vishti) repeat eight times each, and four fixed ones fill the remaining four halves round the new moon (Burgess, ii.67-69). This tool, like Drik Panchang's day panchang, places the four fixed karanas in this order: Shakuni, Chatushpada, Naga, Kimstughna. Burgess's translation of the verse itself (ii.67), and his table, put Naga before Chatushpada instead. We follow the order Drik Panchang prints, and say so here because the classical translation we cite disagrees.
Why the times are end times, and why a date can have two tithis
A panchang names the day by the limbs running at sunrise. Drik Panchang's FAQ puts it plainly: in its day panchang all timings are end timings, of the tithi, nakshatra, yoga or karana "which was prevailing during sunrise". This tool does the same, and then continues to the next sunrise, because the panchang day runs from one sunrise to the next rather than midnight to midnight. That is why some end times above carry the next day's date.
Because a tithi is an angle and not a length of time, it does not fit the day neatly. The Moon's speed varies, so a tithi can run shorter or longer than a sunrise-to-sunrise day. By our engine's count for New Delhi in 2026:
| measure | value |
|---|---|
| shortest tithi | 20.1 hours: Amavasya, from 12:20 on 14 June to 08:24 on 15 June |
| longest tithi | 26.7 hours: Shukla Tritiya, from 11:23 on 11 December to 14:06 on 12 December |
| days on which a tithi began and ended between two sunrises, so no date is named after it | 17 |
| days on which the same tithi was running at two sunrises in a row | 11 |
The 17 days are 6 and 31 January, 24 February, 19 March, 20 April, 15 and 22 May, 15 June, 10 and 17 July, 10 August, 2 September, 3 and 27 October, 20 and 27 November, and 23 December. The 11, each the second day of its pair, are 10 January, 10 February, 14 March, 6 and 27 May, 30 June, 23 July, 25 August, 18 October, 19 November and 10 December. Each date can be looked up in Drik Panchang's day panchang for New Delhi, and all but one agree there. The exception is 30 June: our Purnima ends nine seconds after that morning's sunrise, so 29 and 30 June share it here, while Drik's ends at sunrise to the minute and its repeated day is 1 July.
Those counts are for one city. A tithi begins at the same instant everywhere on Earth, because it depends only on the Moon and the Sun, but sunrise does not. By our engine, Kolkata's sunrise came 55 to 69 minutes before Mumbai's on every day of 2026: the gap was smallest on 22 December and largest on 22 June. A tithi that begins inside that gap is already running at Mumbai's sunrise but not yet at Kolkata's, so the two cities name the same date by different tithis. A whole-day difference of that kind is a genuine difference of place, not a mistake in either city's reckoning.
Why another panchang can differ by a minute or two
Sunrise decides which limb names the day and where the vara begins, and Drik Panchang notes that panchang makers mark it at either the upper edge or the middle of the Sun's disc, which can move it by a few minutes, and that "there is no consensus". The same Drik page says that "generally" the "middle limb timing of sunrise is considered as Hindu Sunrise" and the upper edge timing as astronomical sunrise, and Drik uses the upper edge by default. This tool, like Drik Panchang's default, uses the upper edge with atmospheric refraction, computed by the Swiss Ephemeris at the coordinates of the city you picked, the same convention as the choghadiya page.
The limbs themselves come from the Swiss Ephemeris positions of the Moon and Sun. We compared them with Drik Panchang's day panchang for New Delhi on four dates in 2026. Every name agreed. Every end time printed here, for all four limbs, was the same as Drik's or one minute later, and none was earlier. The tithi running at sunrise on each date:
| date | tithi at sunrise | ends here | ends at Drik | largest gap on any limb |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 21 October | Shukla Dashami | 14:12 | 14:11 | 1 minute |
| 8 November | Krishna Chaturdashi | 11:28 | 11:27 | 1 minute |
| 9 November | Amavasya | 12:32 | 12:31 | 1 minute |
| 21 December | Shukla Dwadashi | 17:37 | 17:36 | 1 minute |
On 22 October 2026, a fifth date checked when this page was reviewed, the gap was two minutes: Ekadashi ends at 14:49 here and at 14:47 at Drik. Drik prints whole minutes by default; this tool rounds to the nearest minute.
One difference is not about minutes. Nakshatra and yoga are read against a sidereal zodiac, so a panchang using an ayanamsa other than Lahiri moves every nakshatra and yoga end time, while its tithi and karana times, which are differences between the Moon and the Sun, stay the same as ours.
We also check the tool against a second calculation of our own, made by a different method: the Moon from Jean Meeus's Astronomical Algorithms (chapter 47) and the Sun from the NOAA solar approximation, rather than the Swiss Ephemeris. Before the page is published, the same comparison runs against the live tool for every city on today's date and on four fixed dates in 2026, and fails if any end time is more than three minutes off.
What this tool does not do
| not here | what that means for you |
|---|---|
| Lunar month, samvat and the amanta or purnimanta month name | Drik Panchang's day panchang shows both month conventions side by side. This tool does not name the month at all. |
| Moonrise, moonset and the Moon's rashi | Not computed here. |
| Muhurtas: Abhijit, Brahma muhurta, Rahu Kaal and the rest | Abhijit, Brahma muhurta and all thirty muhurtas of the day are on the muhurat tool; Rahu Kaal, Yamaganda and Gulika are on the Rahu Kaal tool. |
| Any place but nineteen cities | Each city is one fixed pair of coordinates. Sunrise moves about four minutes for every degree of longitude, so in a town far from the city you pick, sunrise, and with it the vara's start and the limb named at sunrise, can shift. |
What it is not
A panchang is a calendar: it tells you which tithi, nakshatra, yoga and karana are running, which is a matter of where the Moon and Sun are. What a tradition then says about a tithi, or a yoga, or the Vishti karana, is not reported here, and this page makes no claim about outcomes. Nothing here should decide something that matters medically, legally or financially.
The calculation runs on our own engine and the page shows what it returns. If the engine does not answer, the page says so and shows nothing rather than substituting an approximation. A tool that quietly falls back to an estimate is the same failure as an ephemeris quietly falling back to a less precise one, which this site did once and records on the methodology page.